TQM is a management approach focused on continuous improvement, customer satisfaction, and employee involvement in quality control processes.

Factories can reduce energy consumption through measures such as upgrading equipment, optimizing processes, implementing energy-efficient technologies, and using renewable energy sources.

Key components include sourcing, production, inventory management, distribution, and customer service.

IoT connects devices and equipment in factories to collect and exchange data, enabling real-time monitoring, remote control, and predictive maintenance.

Predictive maintenance uses data analysis and machine learning to predict when equipment failure is likely to occur, allowing for maintenance to be performed before issues arise.

Robotics improves manufacturing by increasing efficiency, precision, and safety, while also reducing labor costs and repetitive tasks.

Industry 4.0 can improve operations by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, process optimization, and enhanced decision-making.

Industry 4.0 refers to the integration of digital technologies such as IoT, AI, and data analytics into manufacturing processes to create smart factories.

Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach aimed at minimizing waste while maximizing productivity and efficiency.